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Melanie Brand

@melaniebrand

Lecturer in Intelligence Studies at Macquarie University, Sydney. Book Review Editor, Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism. Historian interested in intelligence, analysis, warning, secrecy, accountability and espionage pop culture.

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Latest posts by Melanie Brand @melaniebrand

Lecturer in Medieval & Early Modern History
The School of History at the ANU seeks to appoint a Lecturer in History. Applicants working at the forefront of gender history between the 12th & 18th centuries, and on regions beyond Europe & Australia, are encouraged to apply. Applications due 19 April.

14.03.2026 12:42 ๐Ÿ‘ 15 ๐Ÿ” 30 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 1
Abstract of the paper: This article examines the paradoxical effects of international legal accountability processes on the international law of intelligence. In response to increasing exposure of their intelligence activities, liberal democracies have shifted from a national security culture of secrecy to one of legal rationalisation, offering legal justifications to defend and legitimate contested practices. Rather than improving compliance, accountability processes have enabled states to strategically reshape legal norms to accommodate their preferred policies. Focusing on how legal justifications affect international lawโ€™s constraining function, the article analyses the effects of legal justifications on three dimensions of legal norms: obligation, precision and delegation. Intertwining doctrinal legal analysis with International Relations scholarship on rhetorical and justificatory approaches to international law, it identifies four causal mechanisms through which strategic legal justifications decrease lawโ€™s constraining power on state behaviour and facilitate norm evasion. The article demonstrates how strategic uses of international law for legitimation purposes can gradually alter legal norms without formal changes to legal texts or institutions, ultimately decreasing international lawโ€™s constraining power. Shedding light on the limits and risks of legalisation as a regulatory strategy, these findings raise important questions about the effectiveness and adequacy of legal accountability strategies, particularly strategic litigation, in inducing behavioural change.

Abstract of the paper: This article examines the paradoxical effects of international legal accountability processes on the international law of intelligence. In response to increasing exposure of their intelligence activities, liberal democracies have shifted from a national security culture of secrecy to one of legal rationalisation, offering legal justifications to defend and legitimate contested practices. Rather than improving compliance, accountability processes have enabled states to strategically reshape legal norms to accommodate their preferred policies. Focusing on how legal justifications affect international lawโ€™s constraining function, the article analyses the effects of legal justifications on three dimensions of legal norms: obligation, precision and delegation. Intertwining doctrinal legal analysis with International Relations scholarship on rhetorical and justificatory approaches to international law, it identifies four causal mechanisms through which strategic legal justifications decrease lawโ€™s constraining power on state behaviour and facilitate norm evasion. The article demonstrates how strategic uses of international law for legitimation purposes can gradually alter legal norms without formal changes to legal texts or institutions, ultimately decreasing international lawโ€™s constraining power. Shedding light on the limits and risks of legalisation as a regulatory strategy, these findings raise important questions about the effectiveness and adequacy of legal accountability strategies, particularly strategic litigation, in inducing behavioural change.

๐Ÿšจ New publication

Very happy to share that my article in @globcon.bsky.social has now been published open access.

You can read it here: doi.org/10.1017/S204...

10.03.2026 08:58 ๐Ÿ‘ 7 ๐Ÿ” 7 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

This. It takes so much more effort and time to mark studentsโ€™ work and assess journal submissions that have been written/heavily edited by AI

05.03.2026 04:51 ๐Ÿ‘ 2 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
Preview
Inside the plan to kill Ali Khamenei Israel spent years hacking Tehranโ€™s traffic cameras and monitoring bodyguards ahead of the assassination of Iranโ€™s supreme leader

Some interesting detail here about the intelligence picture (esp. SIGINT) in the run-up to the assassination. Weโ€™ll be talking about surveillance and algorithms in tomorrowโ€™s seminar on my secrecy & accountability module.

02.03.2026 20:23 ๐Ÿ‘ 8 ๐Ÿ” 5 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Just under 2 weeks left to get your submissions in for SIHโ€™s 2026 conference, hosted at Kingโ€™s College London with the ๐—ž๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ดโ€™๐˜€ ๐—–๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—ณ๐—ผ๐—ฟ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฆ๐˜๐˜‚๐—ฑ๐˜† ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐—œ๐—ป๐˜๐—ฒ๐—น๐—น๐—ถ๐—ด๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฐ๐—ฒ kcsi.uk and the ๐——๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐˜๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜ ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐—ช๐—ฎ๐—ฟ ๐—ฆ๐˜๐˜‚๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜€ย @warstudieskcl.bsky.social

๐——๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ฒ ๐— ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฐ๐—ต 15, send proposals to: SIH2026Conf@gmail.com

02.03.2026 20:26 ๐Ÿ‘ 1 ๐Ÿ” 3 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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REVIEW: Monica Robbins compares the kind of research academics do in the university with "strategic intelligence analysis [which is] is inherently messy, high-stakes, and subject to rapidly changing circumstances and incomplete information."

23.02.2026 23:14 ๐Ÿ‘ 6 ๐Ÿ” 6 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 2 ๐Ÿ“Œ 1
Preview
Intelligence and National Security Intelligence and the Russo-Ukrainian War. Volume 39, Issue 3 of Intelligence and National Security

Interesting story in today's Guardian about intelligence in the lead up to the Russian invasion of Ukraine four years ago.

www.theguardian.com/world/ng-int...

For more on this, see our Special Issue on intelligence and the Ukraine War, published in Feb 2022.

www.tandfonline.com/toc/fint20/3...

20.02.2026 23:06 ๐Ÿ‘ 7 ๐Ÿ” 3 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Iโ€™m super excited to share the cover of my new book โ€œBlind Trust: Secrecy, Scandal and intelligence Accountability in Cold War Australiaโ€! Coming out soon with @georgetownup.bsky.social

19.02.2026 22:35 ๐Ÿ‘ 21 ๐Ÿ” 8 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 2 ๐Ÿ“Œ 1

This โฌ‡๏ธ We really appreciate the hard work of all the researchers, peer reviewers and book reviewers that make each issue possible. Thank you!

08.02.2026 23:27 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 1 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

๐Ÿ•ต๏ธโ€โ™€๏ธ Last chance to nominate #intelligence books for the Polly Corrigan and Kjetil Hatlebrekke Book Prizes. ๐Ÿคฉ

30.01.2026 12:19 ๐Ÿ‘ 2 ๐Ÿ” 2 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Out Monday! Sir Lawrence Freedman called it "a fascinating history". Never been more topical. How social scientists invented strategic intelligence analysis in 1950 and re-established CIA's reputation. Order now on Amazon Books amazon.com/Intelligence-Iโ€ฆ

01.01.2026 06:14 ๐Ÿ‘ 6 ๐Ÿ” 2 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

The National Archives of Australia have declassified federal Cabinet documents for 2005 today. A selection have been digitised.

www.naa.gov.au/explore-coll...

01.01.2026 01:01 ๐Ÿ‘ 7 ๐Ÿ” 7 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

This โฌ‡๏ธ Please do get in touch with the book review editor of a journal in your field if you have a new book for review or if youโ€™d like to review a particular book. Iโ€™m always happy to hear about new releases and will get you a review copy if you want to review something for @jpict.bsky.social

27.12.2025 04:04 ๐Ÿ‘ 9 ๐Ÿ” 2 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

In the midst of everything going on this week, I wrote a thing for the Australian Policy & History blog on the ongoing impact of James Bond, even in Australia:

18.12.2025 05:31 ๐Ÿ‘ 3 ๐Ÿ” 2 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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โ€œArrestingly well-researched and rich in biographical detail, this remarkable book reveals that Americaโ€™s top spies believed in social science and hoped universities could rescue the early CIA from intelligence failure.โ€ โ€”Richard Aldrich, author of GCHQ: The Uncensored Story.

21.12.2025 01:51 ๐Ÿ‘ 7 ๐Ÿ” 3 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

In the midst of everything going on this week, I wrote a thing for the Australian Policy & History blog on the ongoing impact of James Bond, even in Australia:

18.12.2025 05:31 ๐Ÿ‘ 3 ๐Ÿ” 2 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
Preview
Counter-intelligence at its core: assessing and preventing foreign espionage Published in Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism (Ahead of Print, 2025)

Grab your copy of one of 50 free eprints of my review of Riehle's book 'Counter-intelligence at its core'. So useful in fact, it informed my recent work redesigning the Admiralty Code (NATO Code)!
www.tandfonline.com/eprint/KMJU2...

17.12.2025 10:07 ๐Ÿ‘ 3 ๐Ÿ” 1 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
3. Australia

John McEwen is expected to be sworn in as interim prime minister to-day or tomorrow. Australian leaders, still recovering from the shock of Harold Holtโ€™s presumed death, have not yet worked out the next steps. 

[redacted]

No important changes in government policies are expected.

3. Australia John McEwen is expected to be sworn in as interim prime minister to-day or tomorrow. Australian leaders, still recovering from the shock of Harold Holtโ€™s presumed death, have not yet worked out the next steps. [redacted] No important changes in government policies are expected.

This is the CIA daily briefing for US President Johnson after the Australian Prime Minister Harold Holt disappeared while swimming on 17 December, 1967.

www.cia.gov/readingroom/...

17.12.2025 06:37 ๐Ÿ‘ 17 ๐Ÿ” 3 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

We are also looking for a reviewer for this really interesting book for @jpict.bsky.social if anyone is interested!

03.12.2025 19:39 ๐Ÿ‘ 3 ๐Ÿ” 2 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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An Institution Betrayed GH on the State Library's post-literate plans

Mr Gideon Haigh on why the ongoing, incompetent and dull-witted enshittification of the State Library of Victoria is so heartbreaking, so stupid, and so dangerous. Please share. www.cricketetal.com/p/an-institu...

03.12.2025 03:41 ๐Ÿ‘ 91 ๐Ÿ” 59 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 6 ๐Ÿ“Œ 1

I agree - great premise and so much about the state of academia rang true. Every time I hear the Hamilton sound track I think about the job interview scene!

30.11.2025 03:51 ๐Ÿ‘ 2 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Amazing news! Grats on the DECRA!

26.11.2025 10:33 ๐Ÿ‘ 2 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Win 1 of 3 copies of The Presidentโ€™s Kill List

๐Ÿšจ Competition!

There is still time to win 1 of 3 copies of The Presidentโ€™s Kill List: Assassination and US Foreign Policy since 1945 by Luca Trenta.

You can enter here:

24.11.2025 12:31 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 3 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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๐ŸŽ‰ Next up in our 20th bday book ๐Ÿ“–, we have another enormously popular ๐Ÿšจ OPEN ACCESS ๐Ÿšจ article by @tonyingesson.bsky.social and Magnus Andersson, who examined numbers stations and radio ๐Ÿ“ป in the 21st century in "Clandestine communications in cyber-denied environments" โžก๏ธ doi.org/10.1080/1833...

24.11.2025 07:58 ๐Ÿ‘ 5 ๐Ÿ” 3 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

SLV is a beautiful, useful and very busy research space, and I use it regularly. I hope that they rethink these cuts & recognise that the library is so much more than a tourist destination.

24.11.2025 05:54 ๐Ÿ‘ 18 ๐Ÿ” 7 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 1
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Careers at CDU | Charles Darwin University Discover career opportunities and find useful information about working at CDU.

Charles Darwin University is looking for a Lecturer in Indigenous Knowledges and Heritage, which will suit an anthropologist or archaeologist with a focus on Australia.

Continuing Full Time, Teaching Focused, Level A/B
A$76,604 โ€“ A$137,659 pa

Details here:
www.cdu.edu.au/careers-cdu

23.11.2025 02:20 ๐Ÿ‘ 13 ๐Ÿ” 9 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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๐Ÿ’กMoving on to some of our most popular intel articles, first up we have James Ramsey and Andrew Macpherson, who asked "Is the academy equipping tomorrowโ€™s intelligence
professionals to analyze data-centric threats?" Read it here & in our upcoming 20th bday collection! ๐ŸŽ‰ โžก๏ธ doi.org/10.1080/1833...

22.11.2025 06:35 ๐Ÿ‘ 4 ๐Ÿ” 4 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Learning from Canberra: A Smarter Vision for UK Intelligence and National Security Without adopting Canberra's policies wholesale, the UK's intelligence-policymaker network would benefit from making some of the changes Australia has implemented, particularly the designation of a principal adviser to the Prime Minister on intelligence ...

'The current Labour government does make considerable use of the NSC, but has made some structural changes which have created more distance between policymakers and the intelligence agencies' writes @drceliap-v.bsky.social in latest RUSI Commentary.

21.11.2025 13:00 ๐Ÿ‘ 7 ๐Ÿ” 3 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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We are hiring! @mqsois.bsky.social is currently recruiting a full time, ongoing Lecturer Level B in Cyber Security and Cyber Intelligence. This is a Teaching & Leadership position and could be a great opportunity for an early career academic. More info here: www.seek.com.au/job/88616507

19.11.2025 02:08 ๐Ÿ‘ 2 ๐Ÿ” 2 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Iโ€™m really excited to be speaking as part of a panel on the Politics of Intelligence at APSA 2025 with the very talented @andrewzammit.bsky.social and David Schaefer. Iโ€™ll be presenting my research with Brian Cuddy on the politics of the Hope RCIS on Wednesday afternoon - come past if you can!

19.11.2025 04:05 ๐Ÿ‘ 3 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0