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Kevin Frank, MD

@criticalgestalt

EM/IM/CC, advanced critical care echo and critical care TEE diplomate and enthusiast. Bluegrass mandolin enthusiast.

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12.11.2024
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Latest posts by Kevin Frank, MD @criticalgestalt

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@barackobama.bsky.social: "When I was POTUS, I suppose I could have simply unilaterally ordered the military to go into some red state and harass and intimidate a governor or cut off funding for states that didn't vote for me... but that is contrary to how I think our democracy is supposed to work."

14.02.2026 17:42 ๐Ÿ‘ 15750 ๐Ÿ” 4560 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 482 ๐Ÿ“Œ 249
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it's wild how badly people dose hypertonic therapy

60 ml of 23% is equivalent to ~500 ml 3%, so this article makes no coherent sense

best approach: figure out the sodium change you want and calculate the hypertonic dose

math sets you free from dozens of contradictory consensus statements #EMIMCC

11.02.2026 21:15 ๐Ÿ‘ 15 ๐Ÿ” 4 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Great document for anyone eyeing a resource for CCExAM as well. Doesnโ€™t have every single detail but probably 75%!

30.01.2026 19:35 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
FUSICยฎ HD

ics.ac.uk/product/fusi...

The @ics-updates.bsky.social advanced credential in haemodynamic echocardiography, FUSIC HD, has just received an update

New elements:
1. Measurement of EF
2. RV FAC
3. more advanced RV-PA coupling assessments
4. Simplified LAP assessment

#echosky #emimcc

30.01.2026 15:50 ๐Ÿ‘ 6 ๐Ÿ” 1 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 3 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Illinois is one of the few states in the middle of the country that protects the right to comprehensive reproductive healthcare.

Supporting care here means supporting access for people who have nowhere else to turn.

28.01.2026 21:53 ๐Ÿ‘ 2633 ๐Ÿ” 453 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 27 ๐Ÿ“Œ 16

Iโ€™m ok. Iโ€™m a survivor so this small agitator isnโ€™t going to intimidate me from doing my work.

I donโ€™t let bullies win.

Grateful to my incredible constituents who rallied behind me. Minnesota strong.

28.01.2026 02:26 ๐Ÿ‘ 84691 ๐Ÿ” 11599 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 2467 ๐Ÿ“Œ 618
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25.01.2026 23:50 ๐Ÿ‘ 8671 ๐Ÿ” 3145 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 211 ๐Ÿ“Œ 113
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Alex Jeffrey Pretti, an ICU nurse. ๐Ÿ˜ข๐Ÿ’”๐Ÿ™ He spent his life helping people, and now our government is peddling lies in an attempt to make you believe them.

24.01.2026 21:45 ๐Ÿ‘ 8968 ๐Ÿ” 2895 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 265 ๐Ÿ“Œ 112

Overheard a nurse at the Childrenโ€™s Hospital say this to a patient as I was walking by the room tonight:

โ€œI know you were scared but you tried anyway and thatโ€™s really brave.โ€

DEAR REPUBLICANS IN CONGRESS: I KNOW YOU ARE SCARED BUT YOU SHOULD TRY ANYWAY AND THAT WOULD BE REALLY BRAVE.๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ

21.01.2026 02:00 ๐Ÿ‘ 930 ๐Ÿ” 284 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 25 ๐Ÿ“Œ 11

The large driver of the difference was that more people required vasopressors in the ketamine group - but in the supplement, youโ€™ll see that pre-intubation, more in the etomidate group were empirically placed on vasopressors. To me, this was a neutral trial that shows both are safe with good dose.

21.01.2026 04:25 ๐Ÿ‘ 2 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
Screenshot of a data visualization titled โ€œThe Cost of American Exceptionalism,โ€ subtitled โ€œWhat would change if the U.S. matched the OECD average?โ€ The page explains that each card shows how outcomes would change if the U.S. matched the average of 31 peer democracies. Below, a section labeled โ€œEconomy & Inequalityโ€ displays eight cards comparing U.S. figures to OECD averages. Highlights include: +$19K per household per year in redistributed income and +$96K in redistributed wealth if the top 1% matched OECD shares; a 71% lower CEO-to-worker pay ratio (from 354ร— to 101ร—); 50 million more workers with union coverage; 26 million more people with health insurance; $2.1 trillion saved annually in healthcare spending; $691 less per person per year in prescription drug costs; and intergenerational economic mobility being twice as high. Each card shows the U.S. value alongside the OECD average.

Screenshot of a data visualization titled โ€œThe Cost of American Exceptionalism,โ€ subtitled โ€œWhat would change if the U.S. matched the OECD average?โ€ The page explains that each card shows how outcomes would change if the U.S. matched the average of 31 peer democracies. Below, a section labeled โ€œEconomy & Inequalityโ€ displays eight cards comparing U.S. figures to OECD averages. Highlights include: +$19K per household per year in redistributed income and +$96K in redistributed wealth if the top 1% matched OECD shares; a 71% lower CEO-to-worker pay ratio (from 354ร— to 101ร—); 50 million more workers with union coverage; 26 million more people with health insurance; $2.1 trillion saved annually in healthcare spending; $691 less per person per year in prescription drug costs; and intergenerational economic mobility being twice as high. Each card shows the U.S. value alongside the OECD average.

If there's one empirical insight I'd want everyone to understand about American politics, it's this:

America's problems are solved problems. Just not here.

What would change if the US simply matched the average of 31 peer democracies? Not Denmark or Norway. Just the middle of the pack. ๐Ÿงต

12.01.2026 21:36 ๐Ÿ‘ 5325 ๐Ÿ” 2363 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 66 ๐Ÿ“Œ 227
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The Nobel Foundation makes yet another statement:

18.01.2026 13:44 ๐Ÿ‘ 8995 ๐Ÿ” 2870 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 658 ๐Ÿ“Œ 270

Great question! Kasner et al in 2007 put forward an E/eโ€™ >8 in the critically ill, cited in a great paper on LV Diastology for the Intensivist by Greenstein and Mayo in CHEST 2018. Very useful cutoff, Iโ€™ve found.

18.01.2026 03:17 ๐Ÿ‘ 1 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Iโ€™d be interested in how the assessment changes if you add in LUS assessment (which seems to be the most accurate measurement of LAP) and LA strain, which I believe Phillips is going to roll out a POC option for measuring โ€œsoonโ€. Might open up some interesting options for the future of Diastology.

18.01.2026 03:08 ๐Ÿ‘ 2 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
Echocardiographic Diastolic Function Grading in HFpEF: Testing the Updated 2025 ASE Criteria

www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/...

Hehehehe @load-dependent.bsky.social @strain-rate.bsky.social

#echosky

15.01.2026 17:45 ๐Ÿ‘ 3 ๐Ÿ” 2 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 4 ๐Ÿ“Œ 1

Iโ€™ve seen it myself (when Iโ€™m talking to the same families from the ICU side later in their course) so can say that those early words make a huge impact.

18.01.2026 02:19 ๐Ÿ‘ 2 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

What I absolutely have to emphasize though, is that those early discussions are SO CRITICAL to introduce those concepts because GOC are an ongoing discussion and I always say โ€œthink about when they might not want to continue these measures, or if there are certain lines they wouldnโ€™t want to crossโ€

18.01.2026 02:19 ๐Ÿ‘ 3 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Clearly that wasnโ€™t the case with your patient - and I know youโ€™re an expert at these convoโ€™s yourself, being ICU trained. But Iโ€™m EM/IM/CC and when Iโ€™m on the EM side sometimes my colleagues think I have some magic powers when I do things like this.

18.01.2026 02:05 ๐Ÿ‘ 1 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

And by the time I can circle back to the family with a โ€œhave you had any time to reflect on our earlier conversation and think about what that would mean for Xโ€ twenty minutes later when theyโ€™ve gotten 3L pressure bagged, abx, and peripheral pressors started with a BP compatible with life, DNR/DNI.

18.01.2026 02:05 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Sure, itโ€™s something we do, far too often. But a lot of times itโ€™s because the early goals of care discussions were not good - or often Iโ€™ll bring up these goals of care discussions very early, then let them sit for a bit while I resuscitate them (which Iโ€™d have to do anyway prior to intubating)

18.01.2026 02:05 ๐Ÿ‘ 3 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Hereโ€™s Keiโ€™s paper on rapid discussions for seriously ill patients in the ED. Excellent talking points.

www.annemergmed.com/action/showP...

18.01.2026 00:56 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Discuss their fatherโ€™s wishes. Discuss the likely outcome. Tell them intubation isnโ€™t an intervention we should offer and explain my reasoning. Itโ€™s a bit of authoritarianism in medicine - or call it expert opinion - that I think takes the burden off families.Kei Ouchi has some nice papers on this.

18.01.2026 00:56 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 2 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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The era we are living in offers too many illustrations of greed, narcissism, and hatefulness. But I still believe we can recommit ourselves to serving the common good of all Americans. [Artwork by Jennifer Bloomer]

28.11.2025 03:01 ๐Ÿ‘ 11551 ๐Ÿ” 2877 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 154 ๐Ÿ“Œ 79
Post image Post image reference for this image: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352556821001685

reference for this image: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352556821001685

Single-center RCT finds benefit from sepsis resus that targets perfusion index (Pi)

Intervention group: fix macrohemodynamics, then target Pi >1.4

I think they're right

Pi is similar to cap refill, but continuously displayed number on monitor ๐Ÿ˜

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41033063/ #EMIMCC

18.11.2025 15:15 ๐Ÿ‘ 16 ๐Ÿ” 4 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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New blog: Fresh dueling guidelines about post-arrest care from the AHA and ESICM

๐Ÿ’” BP targets
๐Ÿ’” Who needs an emergent cath?
๐Ÿ’” O2 targets
๐Ÿ’” pan-CT scans
๐Ÿ’” temp targets
๐Ÿ’” neuroprognostication

Which guideline do I love? ๐Ÿ˜ You'll have to read the post to find out.

emcrit.org/pulmcrit/202... #EMIMCC

26.10.2025 14:51 ๐Ÿ‘ 22 ๐Ÿ” 12 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 3 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Some people truly do change the world. Dr. Bartlett was one of them โค๏ธโ€๐Ÿฉน

22.10.2025 02:01 ๐Ÿ‘ 4572 ๐Ÿ” 805 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 82 ๐Ÿ“Œ 29

Seems more like a neostigmine plus miralax drip sort of day, but colace is a choiceโ€ฆ

07.10.2025 00:18 ๐Ÿ‘ 2 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

This made my month. I feel nothing will top this in September

19.09.2025 22:10 ๐Ÿ‘ 15 ๐Ÿ” 5 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 1

Iron deficiency affects TWO BILLION people in the world but because theyโ€™re mostly women and children, almost nobody cares.

Had a great time getting on my usual soapbox at a fantastic #SABM25 meeting.

And if you donโ€™t know about patient blood management, itโ€™s very cool so check it out.

18.09.2025 17:38 ๐Ÿ‘ 61 ๐Ÿ” 11 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 3 ๐Ÿ“Œ 1

Several studies using LUS to guide diuresis have been positive, and itโ€™s just as simple to look at, and has also been shown to be a good surrogate for LAP (though VeXUS plus LUS plus LV function and VTI is my own practice to guide decision making). This was poorly thought out imo.

17.09.2025 03:36 ๐Ÿ‘ 1 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0