Alpha-gal Syndrome Research

"A potential link between AGS and eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders is highlighted through this case."
journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext...

"The in vitro data suggest, but do not prove, that the reaction was mediated by recipient alpha-gal IgE. Further studies are needed to establish whether transfusion-related alpha-gal syndrome ("TRAGS") is a true clinical entity."
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"We report a case of anaphylactic shock in an O patient transfused with a B platelet unit."
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Immunologic investigation of an allergic transfusion reaction suspected due to alpha-gal syndrome - PubMed We report a case of anaphylactic shock in an O patient transfused with a B platelet unit. The in vitro data suggest, but do not prove, that the reaction was mediated by recipient alpha-gal IgE. Furthe...

Immunologic investigation of an allergic transfusion reaction suspected due to alpha-gal syndrome
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40938245/

"...one patient experienced anaphylaxis within one hour of eating. This atypically rapid reaction may be explained by the patient’s concurrent diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis."
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"In three cases, symptoms developed during the evening or nighttime, typically 3 to 6 h after the last meal."
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"We evaluated 28 patients... Elevated alpha-gal-specific IgE levels were detected in five patients. Among them, four reported anaphylactic episodes following meat consumption."
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From Poland:
Alpha-Gal Syndrome—A Series of Cases with Different Clinical Pictures
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www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26...

"We describe a Connecticut resident who likely experienced a tick‐borne illness shortly after a bite from a male lone star tick with evidence of infection with Ehrlichia sp. and R. ambylommatis."
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A Case of Illness Following a Bite by a Male Lone Star Tick ( Amblyomma americanum Linnaeus) Infected With Ehrlichia sp. and Rickettsia amblyommatis in Connecticut, United States The lone star tick ( Amblyomma americanum Linnaeus) is a species commonly found in the southeastern U.S., but in recent years its populations have expanded northward, resulting in an increased risk of...

A Case of Illness Following a Bite by a Male Lone Star Tick ( Amblyomma americanum Linnaeus) Infected With Ehrlichia sp. and Rickettsia amblyommatis in Connecticut, United States
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pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...

"This work identifies Anisakis sp. as a potential contributor to α-Gal sensitization in humans and underscores the need for heightened awareness of parasitic infections as risk factors for atypical allergic phenotypes, particularly in endemic regions."
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The Role of Anisakis sp. in α-Gal Sensitization: Implications for Parasitic-Induced Meat Allergy - PubMed <span><b>Background/Objectives:</b> This study investigates the potential of <i>Anisakis</i> sp. as a novel source of α-Gal (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-R) epitopes capable of inducing allergic sensitization...

The Role of Anisakis sp. in α-Gal Sensitization: Implications for Parasitic-Induced Meat Allergy
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40872299/

"Conversely, pediatric patients demonstrated significantly lower rates of anaphylaxis..."
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"Symptom profiles differed substantially between age groups. While both populations frequently experienced dermatologic manifestations, pediatric patients showed significantly higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly nausea and vomiting..."
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Alpha-Gal Syndrome Across the Lifespan: Distinct Pediatric Clinical Patterns and Rural Predominance in Midwestern Patients.
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www.annallergy.org/article/S108...

"...clinicians practicing in a-GAL endemic regions may wish to exercise increased vigilance and prepare for adverse drug reactions and anaphylaxis, especially when treating patients with a history of red meat allergy."
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"In conclusion, our findings demonstrate a high rate of adverse drug reactions and presumed anaphylaxis to crotaline antivenoms in an area where a-GAL IgE sensitization is common."
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"These data suggest that exposure to a-GAL antigen in the bloodstream (through intravenous injection) could cause anaphylaxis, even when oral exposure to red meat does not occur."
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Prevalence of Adverse Drug Reactions: Comparing Crotalidae Immune Polyvalent Antivenoms F(ab')2 and F(ab) in a Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) Endemic Area - PubMed We demonstrate a substantial incidence of adverse drug reactions and presumed anaphylaxis to crotaline antivenoms in an α-GAL endemic region, with F(ab')₂ antivenom associated with more rea...

Prevalence of Adverse Drug Reactions: Comparing Crotalidae Immune Polyvalent Antivenoms F(ab')2 and F(ab) in a Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) Endemic Area
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40817895/

A protocol for pre-treatment testing for antibodies to galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose to mitigate the risk of cetuximab hypersensitivity reactions - a retrospective cohort review - PubMed Hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) limit cetuximab use in KRAS wildtype advanced colorectal cancer, with a significant driver being pre-formed IgE antibodies against galactose-1,3-alpha-galactose (alph...

"Our findings support pre-treatment alpha-gal screening to improve safety of cetuximab therapy in high-risk populations."
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40773826/

"The possible production of alpha-gal by tsetse flies was also investigated. Considering the diversity in clinical presentations in response to arthropod bites."
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"The possible production of alpha-gal by tsetse flies was also investigated. Considering the diversity in clinical presentations in response to arthropod bites."
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"Herein, we report several cases of allergic reactions linked to tsetse bites from the Diptera order, particularly the Glossinidae family, and explore the potential role of these species in sensitization to alpha-Gal."
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Allergic reactions associated with tsetse fly bites Allergic reactions in response to arthropod bites are a growing concern worldwide. Alpha-Gal syndrome (AGS) is a red meat allergy associated with IgE antibodies against galactose-alpha-1,3-galactos...

Allergic reactions associated with tsetse fly bites
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www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....

The Immunology of Alpha-Gal Syndrome: History, Tick Bites, IgE, and Delayed Anaphylaxis to Mammalian Meat (review article)
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....

"Evidence supporting the possibility of a new adverse event, TRAGS, is accumulating. This study quantifies how often Group O patients may be exposed to Group B antigen in Group B or AB plasma and/or platelet transfusions, providing an estimate of the scope of potential risk for TRAGS."
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"The primary goal of this study was to assess the frequency of Groups B and AB plasma and platelet transfusions to Group O patients."
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"Recent case reports of severe allergic transfusion reactions (ATRs) in Group O patients receiving Group B plasma and platelets raise the possibility of a new adverse event, herein called transfusion-related AGS (TRAGS)."
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ABO-mismatched platelet and plasma transfusion practices and the potential for transfusion-related alpha-gal syndrome: The Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion Collaborative Study - PubMed Evidence supporting the possibility of a new adverse event, TRAGS, is accumulating. This study quantifies how often Group O patients may be exposed to Group B antigen in Group B or AB plasma and/or pl...

ABO-mismatched platelet and plasma transfusion practices and the potential for transfusion-related alpha-gal syndrome: The Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion Collaborative Study
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40643108/

"In addition, the reported recognition of glycolipids in complex with human CD1 monomers by αGal-specific IgE of subjects allergic to αGal is a clue to a possible role of NK cell cytotoxicity in the pathogenesis of AD, an aspect still poorly investigated."
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