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Hilkka Kontro

@hilkkakontro

Exercise Physiology (PhD). Interested in both theory and application of exphys, particularly in endurance sports.

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Latest posts by Hilkka Kontro @hilkkakontro

Two obvious limitations explaining the discrepancy of between model predictions and data are 1) VO2, La, PCr kinetics are not accounted for (thus energy system contributions and rate of W' depletion change with time), and 2) W' is in reality not one system but has a component from each.

14.02.2026 18:14 ๐Ÿ‘ 1 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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But regardless of averaging, yes, most people "fail" with quite a bit of sprint capacity left. Psychology and decision making is not part of the MPA-model... :) Assessing the model using points with partial W' depletion (e.g., 50%) might be more informative. Example of representative data.

14.02.2026 18:11 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Accurate, although it depends on the duration of the sprint (e.g., 5s is repressed much more than 1s under W' depletion). I'm currently collecting experimental data on this. Strictly speaking Pmax (and thus MPA) is the best power over an indefinitely short duration. But averaging matters in practice

14.02.2026 18:00 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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The three-dimensional impulse-response model: Modeling the training process in accordance with energy system-specific adaptation Athletic training is characterized by physiological systems responding to repeated exercise-induced stress, resulting in gradual alterations in the functional properties of these systems. The adaptive...

The three-dimensional impulse-response model uses three training load metrics as inputs and three performance metrics as outputs. These metrics are represented by a three-parameter CP model and reflect the stress imposed on each of the three systems. journals.plos.org/plosone/arti...

14.02.2026 14:57 ๐Ÿ‘ 1 ๐Ÿ” 1 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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How to quantify the training load of higher intensities and sprints, separately from aerobic training load, simply from power data? We suggest a 3D strain score (alternative to the "1D" TSS/TRIMP/work -> fitness paradigms) to capture the nuances of training CP, W', and Pmax.

14.02.2026 14:56 ๐Ÿ‘ 3 ๐Ÿ” 2 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Thanks for your interest and suggestion! It is possible we include a code in the updated version of the preprint and/or the final, published paper.

28.03.2025 13:48 ๐Ÿ‘ 2 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Also, looking forward to hearing any feedback if you read it - trying to make it ready for peer review. It's a rather theoretical model, cutting some corners, so I'm curious how it's received amongst exercise physiologists.

20.03.2025 23:16 ๐Ÿ‘ 1 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Yes, I think their system has a strong rationale and deserves to be put under scientific scrutiny! More (experimental) studies to come in the future, I hope ๐Ÿคž

20.03.2025 23:08 ๐Ÿ‘ 3 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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We suggest that quantifying load using 3 dimensions rather than one better predicts adaptations specifically in CP, W', and Pmax. Using a global amalgamation of load such as total work, TRIMP, or TSS inevitably leads to more uncertainty about what exact attributes training is targeting.

20.03.2025 11:52 ๐Ÿ‘ 7 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Accumulating work at different intensities relative to CP, Pmax, and remaining W' results in somewhat distinct adaptive responses, which should be taken into account when trying to model training and predict performance gains.

20.03.2025 11:48 ๐Ÿ‘ 6 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 1
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Our new preprint proposes a new way to quantify training loads based on power output. We describe how a 3-parameter CP model may be used to estimate contributions of each energy system, resulting in a "strain score" which overcomes some limitations of other TL metrics. doi.org/10.48550/arX...

20.03.2025 11:47 ๐Ÿ‘ 14 ๐Ÿ” 2 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Tom's Weekend Warrior study is out! Training either 4x (short) or 2x (long) weekly resulted in the same adaptations, when overall volume and content of training was fixed.

Performance, thresholds, efficiency, Hbmass, and ox cap โ†‘ equally in both groups.

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....

08.02.2025 16:23 ๐Ÿ‘ 17 ๐Ÿ” 4 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 1