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Why More Police Officers = More Deaths (The Killing Cascade) This is an overview based on the article, "The Killing Cascade: More Officers, More Wounds, More Deaths in Police Shootings" (https://doi.org/10.21428/cb6ab371.874e801d ). We create these "Crimversations" with the AI tool Google NotebookLM. While we strive for accuracy, an overview may not perfectly reflect the original article, a limitation common to both AI-generated and human-led podcasts. For definitive information, please refer directly to the article. Stay tuned for the launch of our new sites, https://crimconsortium.com and https://crimhub.com. Did you know that for every additional police officer who fires their weapon, the risk of a civilian dying increases by over 3%? A groundbreaking new study on "The Killing Cascade" reveals a deadly pattern in modern policing. In this video, we break down new research from criminology experts Justin Nix and Ian T. Adams analyzing over 3,700 officer-involved shootings in Texas and California. We explore the concept of "Contagious Fire"—where the sound of peer gunfire triggers a reflexive reaction, leading to more rounds fired, more wounds, and higher fatality rates. Key topics covered in this video: • The Killing Cascade: How the number of officers correlates directly to the number of wounds and probability of death. • The Data: Examining mandatory reporting data from Texas (2015–2024) and California (2016–2024). • Wound Location & Race: Does the "Two Trigger Fingers" theory hold up? We look at California data regarding where suspects are shot and if it differs by race. • Saving Lives: How training protocol changes and reducing the number of firing officers could have saved an estimated 138 to 272 lives in these two states alone. Source Material: "The Killing Cascade: More Officers, More Wounds, More Deaths in Police Shootings" by Justin Nix & Ian T. Adams (2026). #PoliceReform #Criminology #DataScience #KillingCascade #LawEnforcement #UseOfForce #Texas #California
12.03.2026 15:01 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
Ben Afleck despondent. Title is "another paywall"

Ben Afleck despondent. Title is "another paywall"

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11.03.2026 14:43 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 1 📌 0
Crimversations: "Strengthening Criminal Justice Research through Transparency and Local Engagement"
Crimversations: "Strengthening Criminal Justice Research through Transparency and Local Engagement" This is an overview based on the article, "Science Under Scrutiny: Strengthening Criminal Justice Research through Transparency and Local Engagement" (https://doi.org/10.21428/cb6ab371.f827ad5d ). We create these "Crimversations" with the AI tool Google NotebookLM. While we strive for accuracy, an overview may not perfectly reflect the original article, a limitation common to both AI-generated and human-led podcasts. For definitive information, please refer directly to the article. Stay tuned for the launch of our new sites, https://crimconsortium.com and https://crimhub.com.

Crimversations: "Strengthening Criminal Justice Research through Transparency and Local Engagement"

11.03.2026 04:18 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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The Burden of Child and Adolescent Firearm Homicide Firearm homicide is a leading cause of death among children and adolescents. This study examined variability in the correlates of firearm homicide across child and adolescent firearm homicide victims. U.S. firearm homicide victims comprising three developmental groups were ...
10.03.2026 12:56 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Becoming OUT Spoken: The development of a trauma-informed therapy service for male prisoner-survivors of sexual assault Delivering trauma informed therapy to male survivors of sexual assault in prison involves distinctive ethical, institutional, and clinical challenges. Men in custody disproportionately report extensive childhood adversity and prior victimization, including high levels of ...
10.03.2026 12:56 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Beyond Norms: The Roles of Anticipated Moral Emotions and Peer Approval in Intentions to Steal Moral commitment problems, conflicts between self-interest and moral norms, are central to understanding antisocial decision-making. Although negative moral emotions such as anticipated guilt are well-established deterrents of deviance, positive moral emotions such as ...
10.03.2026 12:56 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
Disrupting organised criminal groups using Social Network Analysis Organised criminal groups—including those involved in drug trafficking, cybercrime, and human trafficking—can be conceptualised as networks. Social network analysis (SNA) has been used extensively by researchers to scrutinise the structure of organised criminal groups and...
10.03.2026 09:58 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Business environment ecology and crime: A robust test across 182 cities Studies assessing the question of how certain types of business establishments are related to the level of crime on blocks typically do not account for the general business context of those blocks. The present study extends one previous study that did so by using a large ...
09.03.2026 16:17 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
The Real Reason a Neighborhood is Unsafe (It's Not What You Think)
The Real Reason a Neighborhood is Unsafe (It's Not What You Think) When a crime happens on a city block, our first instinct is to blame the "usual suspects"—businesses that are open late or sell alcohol. But what if our assumptions are completely wrong? In this video, we break down a groundbreaking study from the University of California, Irvine that treats neighborhood crime like a cold case. Researchers discovered that **pointing the finger at a single problem business is misleading and scapegoating**. The real predictor of crime is the block's overall "business ecosystem" and **business heterogeneity** (the variety of businesses on a single block). **In this video, you will learn:** * Why the link between crime and specific businesses (like convenience stores) disappears when you look at the bigger picture. * The surprising twist: Why high business variety actually **increases crime rates in smaller, low-population cities** compared to major metropolises. * How having more residents living nearby creates natural "eyes on the street," flattening out crime rates even on busy commercial blocks. * Why we need to rethink urban planning and zoning to build vibrant, safely designed neighborhoods. If you care about urban planning, community safety, or city design, this investigation will completely change how you look at your neighborhood! **What do you think is the right mix of businesses to keep a block vibrant but safe? Let us know in the comments below!** This is an overview based on the article, "Business environment ecology and crime: A robust test across 182 cities" (https://doi.org/10.21428/cb6ab371.285c2a1a ). We create these "Crimversations" with the AI tool Google NotebookLM. While we strive for accuracy, an overview may not perfectly reflect the original article, a limitation common to both AI-generated and human-led podcasts. For definitive information, please refer directly to the article. Stay tuned for the launch of our new sites, https://crimconsortium.com and https://crimhub.com. #BusinessEcosystem #BusinessHeterogeneity #UrbanPlanning #CrimePrevention #UCIrvine #EyesOnTheStreet #CityDesign #NeighborhoodSafety #SmallTownCrime #NaturalSurveillance

The Real Reason a Neighborhood is Unsafe (It's Not What You Think)

09.03.2026 15:45 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Mapping Sexual Harassment in Public Places: Open-Source Data-Driven Contextual Analysis Womens’ and girls’ safety in public places is undermined by sexual harassment, yet the environmental correlates of risk remain poorly understood. Using the environmental criminology framework, this mixed-method research aims to map and analyze reported incidents of sexual ...
09.03.2026 13:19 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Doubts and disconnection: Police reflections on drug decriminalization in British Columbia in the first year of implementation On January 31, 2023, the Canadian province of British Columbia launched a 3-year pilot initiative decriminalizing the possession of up to 2.5 g of select illegal drugs. This qualitative study explores how police officers understand and perceive the decriminalization policy goals.
09.03.2026 13:19 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
Oprah says everyonen gets a free copy with green open access

Oprah says everyonen gets a free copy with green open access

Use CrimRxiv. Join CrimConsortium http://dlvr.it/TRNLBW

09.03.2026 10:40 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Hot Spots Policing: Effectiveness vs. Stigma This is an overview based on the article, "Public Perceptions of Hot Spots Policing: How Crime Reduction Stats and Stigma Narratives Affect Public Perceptions" (https://doi.org/10.21428/cb6ab371.99927be8 ). We create these "Crimversations" with the AI tool Google NotebookLM. While we strive for accuracy, an overview may not perfectly reflect the original article, a limitation common to both AI-generated and human-led podcasts. For definitive information, please refer directly to the article. Stay tuned for the launch of our new sites, https://crimconsortium.com and https://crimhub.com. Does high-visibility policing actually reduce crime, and more importantly, does the public support it? A new study published in the American Journal of Criminal Justice explores how "framing"—the way police strategies are presented to the public—can dramatically shift opinion. [About the Study] In this video, we break down "Public Perceptions of Hot Spots Policing" by researchers Brandon Tregle, Hunter Boehme, and colleagues. Using a large survey experiment of over 2,400 respondents, the study tests whether showing people quantitative crime reduction data increases support for police patrols, compared to narratives about community stigma,. [Key Takeaways We Cover] • What is Hot Spots Policing? We explain the "deterrence-based" strategy where officers sit in high-crime areas with lights on for ~15 minutes to prevent crime rather than make arrests,. • The "Effectiveness" Frame: The study found that showing people clear evidence of crime reduction significantly increased positive attitudes toward the strategy. In fact, the "effectiveness" message increased support by nearly 15% compared to the control group. • The "Stigma" Frame: Does talking about over-policing hurt support? The study found that stigma narratives produced "null results" on overall support but did increase concerns that the strategy would erode trust in the police,. • Demographic Differences: How non-white respondents and recent crime victims reacted differently to these messages. • Policy Implications: Why agencies must pair crime stats with an acknowledgment of stigma to maintain community legitimacy,. [Reference] Tregle, B., Boehme, H. M., Mascari, G., & Smith, K. (2026). Public Perceptions of Hot Spots Policing: How Crime Reduction Stats and Stigma Narratives Affect Public Perceptions. American Journal of Criminal Justice. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-025-09892-x #Criminology #Policing #CriminalJustice #HotSpotsPolicing #PoliceReform #Sociology #PublicSafety
08.03.2026 12:47 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
A young child gives up a thumb's up behind a bowl of cereal that's shaped like CrimRxiv's logo and in a bowl that reads "CRIMRXIV." The child wears a shirt with Bentham Fox on it.

A young child gives up a thumb's up behind a bowl of cereal that's shaped like CrimRxiv's logo and in a bowl that reads "CRIMRXIV." The child wears a shirt with Bentham Fox on it.

Happy National Cereal Day to all who celebrate

07.03.2026 16:23 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Are Women Safer in Sanctuary States? New Homicide Data (2016–2021) This is an overview based on the article, "Statewide sanctuary policies and female homicide rates, 2016–2021" (https://doi.org/10.21428/cb6ab371.b3d1e957 ). We create these "Crimversations" with the AI tool Google NotebookLM. While we strive for accuracy, an overview may not perfectly reflect the original article, a limitation common to both AI-generated and human-led podcasts. For definitive information, please refer directly to the article. Stay tuned for the launch of our new sites, https://crimconsortium.com and https://crimhub.com. Introduction: Do sanctuary policies actually increase violent crime against women? Political rhetoric often claims that policies limiting cooperation with federal immigration enforcement endanger communities, specifically citing the threat of undocumented immigrants harming women. However, a new study published in Criminology (2026) analyzes state-level data from 2016 to 2021 to separate fact from fear. What the Study Found: Researchers examined female homicide rates using data from the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS), focusing on Hispanic, Black, and White women. The results challenge common political narratives: No Increased Crime: States with protective (sanctuary) policies were not associated with higher homicide rates for any racial or ethnic group. Stranger Homicide: Contrary to the idea that these policies harbor dangerous criminals, the study found significantly lower rates of stranger-perpetrated homicide among both Hispanic females and non-Hispanic White females in protective states. Domestic Homicide: While researchers hypothesized that sanctuary policies would lower domestic homicide rates by encouraging victims to seek help without fear of deportation, the data did not show a significant reduction in domestic homicide for Hispanic women during this period. Methodology: Unlike previous research that relied on city-level Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), this study utilizes state-level data and the NVDRS to analyze specific victim-suspect relationships (stranger vs. domestic). The analysis covers 244 state-years and accounts for factors like concentrated disadvantage and immigrant concentration. Conclusion: This video breaks down why state-years with protective policies may actually see lower stranger homicide rates and discusses the complex barriers Hispanic women still face regarding domestic violence. Source: Boyle, K. M., Shaiman, S., Gonzalez, V. V., & Regoeczi, W. (2026). Statewide sanctuary policies and female homicide rates, 2016–2021. Criminology. #Criminology #ImmigrationPolicy #WomensSafety #SanctuaryCities #CrimeStats #SocialScience #HomicideRates #ResearchReview
07.03.2026 14:26 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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From platform dependency to protocol permanence: An OAIS-aligned case study in decentralized digital preservation Institutional digital preservation depends on centralized infrastructure subject to funding cycles, organizational change, and technological obsolescence. This paper presents Project Continuum, an open framework developed by the Ar.io Foundation demonstrating how decentralized...
07.03.2026 14:07 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
Grandma says preprints are bad, grandaugther says sure grandma

Grandma says preprints are bad, grandaugther says sure grandma

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07.03.2026 11:36 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 1 📌 0
How Court Decisions Lead to Police Shootings
How Court Decisions Lead to Police Shootings Every year, police fatally shoot roughly 1,100 people in the US, but what if our analysis of these tragic events starts at completely the wrong point in time? In this video, we dive into groundbreaking new research that shifts the focus upstream, exploring how earlier courtroom sentencing decisions directly impact street-level lethal encounters. We break down the new framework of "avertogenic deaths"—a fatal police encounter that was made possible because an earlier court decision avoided or reduced incarceration, leaving a high-risk individual in the community. You will see how researchers used a massive computer model to simulate 1.1 million felony convictions over 10 years, revealing that a 6.4 percentage point drop in incarceration projected an additional 20.6 avertogenic deaths. Importantly, researchers are extremely clear that this is absolutely not an argument for mass incarceration, as the harms of locking people up are massive and well-known. Instead, this framework is a powerful tool designed to make the hidden trade-offs of the justice system visible to policymakers. By linking sentencing data directly to policing outcomes, we can finally stop treating the justice system as siloed departments and start understanding its full, interconnected impact. This is an overview based on the article, "Avertogenic Deaths: How Upstream Justice Decisions Shape Police Lethal Force" (https://doi.org/10.21428/cb6ab371.25ff900f ). We create these "Crimversations" with the AI tool Google NotebookLM. While we strive for accuracy, an overview may not perfectly reflect the original article, a limitation common to both AI-generated and human-led podcasts. For definitive information, please refer directly to the article. Stay tuned for the launch of our new sites, https://crimconsortium.com and https://crimhub.com. #CriminalJustice #AvertogenicDeaths #Criminology #JusticeReform #Sociology #PublicPolicy

How Court Decisions Lead to Police Shootings

06.03.2026 12:23 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Paywalled Research is Invisible to AI: The Case for Open Access This is an overview based on the article, "Open access, generative artificial intelligence, and the criminology evidence base" (https://doi.org/10.21428/cb6ab371.6de6ef45 ). We create these "Crimversations" with the AI tool Google NotebookLM. While we strive for accuracy, an overview may not perfectly reflect the original article, a limitation common to both AI-generated and human-led podcasts. For definitive information, please refer directly to the article. Stay tuned for the launch of our new sites, https://crimconsortium.com and https://crimhub.com. Intro: How does Generative AI (genAI) handle criminology research? A new 2026 study reveals that while AI tools are becoming central to discovering evidence, their ability to reference accurate sources varies wildly. This video breaks down how Open Access (OA) is becoming the deciding factor in whether research is cited by AI or ignored entirely. What We Cover: We analyze a study by Georgia State University's Evidence-Based Cybersecurity Research Group that tested "deep research" tools from Google Gemini, OpenAI’s ChatGPT, and Perplexity. Key Findings: • The Hallucination Problem: In the study, OpenAI’s reference list was found to be essentially "one large hallucination," creating fake citations that looked real but led to nowhere. In contrast, Google’s Gemini and Perplexity produced structured reports with usable, real reference lists. • The Open Access Advantage: The study found that deep-research tools disproportionately rely on Open Access and free-to-read materials. Because these texts are crawlable and easier to ingest, they are central to the AI-generated evidence base, while paywalled articles are often excluded. • Quality of Access: The video explains the difference between "Bronze Access" (temporarily free) and "Really OA" (permanently free via licenses like Creative Commons), and why this matters for the future of science. The Takeaway: If you want your work to influence the future of criminology, it must be Open Access. If LLMs cannot see your material, it cannot be referenced in deep research or used to train future models. Sources Cited: Jacques, S., Wheeler, A., & Gerstenfeld, J. (2026). Open access, generative artificial intelligence, and the criminology evidence base. CrimRxiv. #Criminology #OpenAccess #GenerativeAI #ChatGPT #PerplexityAI #GoogleGemini #DeepResearch #AIHallucinations #AcademicResearch #OpenScience #CrimRxiv #EvidenceBased #Paywalls #FutureOfScience #LLM
05.03.2026 19:25 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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An empirical examination of the group hazard hypothesis: The role of formal and informal detection in group offending We propose there may be a risk of both formal (police) and informal (parents and teachers) detection for group crimes, and that this risk may be conditional on the age composition of the accomplices. Using a crossnational data set on self-reported delinquency, we investigate ...
05.03.2026 12:55 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
Are Young Black Men Traveling Together Targeted for Traffic Stops? This study explores whether police officers are especially likely to stop young Black males traveling in parties of two or more. Our analysis is guided by social psychological theory and research suggesting that racial stereotypes about criminality are applied with greater...
05.03.2026 12:55 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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“The Foundation Stone for Political Action”: Relational Civic Rights Consciousness, Democratic Norms, Racial Threat and Felony Disenfranchisement Although democracy is at the core of the U.S.’s self-image, the laws granting civic rights have long been designed to exclude some Americans, highlighting a fundamental tension between the democratic ideal and group interest. Echoing past racial exclusions, contemporary ...
04.03.2026 13:19 👍 1 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0
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The Price of Prosperity? A Historical Account of Regulating Industrial Pollution in the Netherlands Regulatory governance and state-corporate crime studies link persistent industrial pollution to long-term regulatory–industry interactions, yet little is known about how these interactions evolve and become entrenched. This article examines two enduring cases of industrial ...
04.03.2026 13:19 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Trauma-Informed Policing Training: Statewide Implementation and Outcomes This report presents pre- and post-training survey results for Phase 1 of the Nebraska Department of Transportation (NDOT) grant. Law enforcement officers regularly interact with individuals who have experienced trauma. These encounters can be complex, unpredictable, and high ...
04.03.2026 13:19 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
How Racial Threat Overpowers Democratic Norms in the U.S.
How Racial Threat Overpowers Democratic Norms in the U.S. Why are millions of Americans still banned from voting even after they have fully served their prison sentences? In this video, we dive into the 2026 study "The Foundation Stone for Political Action" by researchers Kevin Drakulich and Jillian A. J. Reeves to uncover the harsh realities of felony disenfranchisement. Although democracy is central to America's self-image, voting laws have historically been designed to exclude certain groups, disproportionately targeting Black Americans. We explore the history of racist voting laws, from the dismantling of Reconstruction and the Jim Crow era to the "other crimes" loophole codified by the Supreme Court in 1974. Furthermore, we break down recent survey data revealing how public opinion on restoring voting rights is shaped by two competing forces: a commitment to democratic norms and the influence of racial threat. Discover why a belief in democracy isn't always enough to support the civil rights of others when white privilege is perceived to be threatened. If you want to understand the intersection of the criminal legal system, critical race theory, and American democracy, this video breaks down the essential facts. Drakulich, Kevin, and Jillian A. J. Reeves. (2026). "The Foundation Stone for Political Action: Relational Civic Rights Consciousness, Democratic Norms, Racial Threat and Felony Disenfranchisement." Law & Society Review. This is an overview based on the article, "In Defence of Walkability as a Crime Prevention Strategy" (https://doi.org/10.21428/cb6ab371.a21... ). We create these "Crimversations" with the AI tool Google NotebookLM. While we strive for accuracy, an overview may not perfectly reflect the original article, a limitation common to both AI-generated and human-led podcasts. For definitive information, please refer directly to the article. Stay tuned for the launch of our new sites, https://crimconsortium.com and https://crimhub.com. #FelonyDisenfranchisement #VotingRights #SystemicRacism #CriminalJusticeReform #VoterSuppression #DemocraticNorms #RacialThreat #CivilRights #CriticalRaceTheory #WhitePrivilege

How Racial Threat Overpowers Democratic Norms in the U.S.

04.03.2026 12:13 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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AI vs. Human Judges: Solving Sentencing Disparity with LLMs This is an overview based on the article, "Evaluating Large Language Models as Judicial Decision-Makers" (https://doi.org/10.21428/cb6ab371.4933a431 ). We create these "Crimversations" with the AI tool Google NotebookLM. While we strive for accuracy, an overview may not perfectly reflect the original article, a limitation common to both AI-generated and human-led podcasts. For definitive information, please refer directly to the article. Stay tuned for the launch of our new sites, https://crimconsortium.com and https://crimhub.com. Intro: Can Artificial Intelligence fix the "lawlessness" and inconsistency found in criminal sentencing? This video breaks down a groundbreaking 2026 study published in Justice Quarterly that evaluates whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can serve as effective judicial decision-makers. What’s Inside: Researchers compared the sentencing decisions of 123 retired judges against three major AI models: GPT-4o, Gemini-2.0-Flash, and Claude-3.5-Sonnet. Using fictional cases involving violent assault and sexual offenses, the study tested whether AI could reduce sentencing disparity without losing accuracy. Key Findings Covered: • Inconsistency in Law: Historical data shows human judges often impose vastly different sentences for similar cases, a problem known as "noise". • AI Consistency: The study found that LLMs produced significantly lower sentence disparity than human judges, meaning they were more consistent in their rulings. • Accuracy: When using the average human sentence as a benchmark, AI models deviated less from the consensus than the judges themselves did. • Prompting Matters: The video explains how "Few-Shot" and "Chain-of-Thought" prompting strategies helped align AI decisions with judicial norms. Conclusion: While AI offers a promising tool to reduce unwarranted disparities, ethical questions regarding transparency, bias, and the "human element" of justice remain. Watch to understand the future of AI in the courtroom. Sources: Based on the paper "Evaluating Large Language Models as Judicial Decision-Makers" by Oren Gazal Ayal, Zohar Elyoseph, and Adir Solomon (2026)
04.03.2026 12:02 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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The Laker Wildlife Initiative Blog The Laker Wildlife Initiative serves as a digital platform dedicated to the preservation of animals through a blend of academic research and community outreach. This resource functions as a knowledge hub, translating scientific innovations and conservation efforts into ...
03.03.2026 13:44 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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The role of situational and environmental factors in sexual crime lethal outcome: an integrated probabilistic framework This study investigates the factors influencing lethal outcomes in sexual assaults, with a particular focus on situational and environmental factors. Using a sample of 182 extrafamilial sexual homicide cases and a control group of 400 sexual assault cases, the research aims ...
03.03.2026 13:44 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Exploring Unwarranted Disparities in Sentencing in Scotland The report documents research commissioned to examine unwarranted sentencing disparities and how they can be reduced. It highlights the need to develop new sources of in-depth and meaningful data on sentencing patterns. The authors found that high quality data is essential to ...
03.03.2026 13:44 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Human or Animal Bone? How 3D Printing is Changing Criminology | Laker Wildlife Initiative When investigators find skeletal remains in the field, the first crucial question they have to ask is: "Human or animal?" Surprisingly, over 70% of the time, those bones turn out to be nonhuman! Getting this call wrong wastes valuable time, drains resources, and can seriously delay justice. In honor of World Wildlife Day, we are highlighting a game-changing criminology project: the Laker Wildlife Initiative. Since relying on 2D images from digital databases isn't enough, this project uses 3D printing and open-source scientific files to create hyper-accurate, physical models of bones. Instead of building a giant global museum, they are creating highly practical, regional libraries. For example, a toolkit for Georgia might include deer bones, while a kit for South Africa would feature antelope and lions. This puts a clear, physical toolkit directly into the hands of first responders, customs agents, and forensic students, leading to faster, more accurate investigations and better inter-agency collaboration. More info about the Laker Wildlife Initiative is available at https://lakerwildlifeinitiative.blog/ #LakerWildlifeInitiative #Criminology #3DPrinting #Forensics #WildlifeForensics #WorldWildlifeDay #CrimeSceneInvestigation
03.03.2026 13:16 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0