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Bryan Lammon

@finaldecisions.org

Lawyer & law professor focused on appellate jurisdiction. Founder of Final Decisions PLLC (finaldecisions.org).

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21.09.2023
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Latest posts by Bryan Lammon @finaldecisions.org

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Defining Disability Under the ADA: An Interview Exploring Federal Court Trends The ABA Commission on Disability Rights interviewed Nicole Porter, Rita Anne Rollins Professor of Law at William & Mary Law School, about her article, β€œTroubling Trends: ADA Definition of Disability C...

A little Q&A I did for the ABA Commission on Disability Rights regarding my latest empirical work on how courts are interpreting the definition of disability under the ADA.

www.americanbar.org/groups/diver...

06.02.2026 13:27 πŸ‘ 4 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 1
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The Month in Federal Appellate Jurisdiction: November 2025 - Final Decisions PLLC Ineffective attempts to voluntarily dismiss claims (or theories?), the appeal clock for successful post-judgment motions, appellate standing for privilege appeals, and more.

November's roundup features ineffective attempts at voluntarily dismissing discrete claims, which have me wondering whether courts are really dealing with discrete theories. Plus the appeal clock for granted post-judgment motions and more.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/the-month-in...

08.12.2025 13:06 πŸ‘ 4 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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No Finality by Abandoning Claims Before Trial - Final Decisions PLLC The Eleventh Circuit held that a defendant could not abandon a counterclaim before trial, and the attempt to do so precluded finality.

This 11th Cir. decisionβ€”that a written, pretrial notice of intent not to pursue a theory was insufficient to resolve a "claim"β€”has me wondering: how often are courts addressing discrete claims rather than discrete theories of relief?

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/no-finality-...

08.12.2025 12:26 πŸ‘ 9 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Congratulations to Professor Nicole Buonocore Porter @WM.edu Law School for winning the AALS Section on Law Professors with Disabilities and Allies' 2026 Chai Feldblum Award!

01.12.2025 18:28 πŸ‘ 17 πŸ” 4 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 2
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#17 in Daniel Mook v. G. Hall (4th Cir., 25-1677) – CourtListener.com BRIEF by Daniel P. Mook. Type of Brief: RESPONSE. . Do any cases pending in this court or the Supreme Court of the United States raise similar issues? NO.. [1001876934] [25-1677] Bryan Lammon [Entered...

W&M 3Ls Jon Gharib, Jack Kerdasha, and Raahim Zaidi did excellent work on this brief. My immense thanks to them.

storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.us...

15.11.2025 21:01 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
Ex-Va. City Atty Tells 4th Circ. FMLA Doesn't Immunize Officials - Law360 The Family and Medical Leave Act doesn't contemplate qualified immunity, a former Virginia city assistant attorney told the Fourth Circuit on Thursday, arguing that a municipal attorney cannot appeal ...

The William & Mary Appellate Clinic just filed the brief discussed in this @law360.bsky.social article. We argued (among other things) that qualified immunity is not a defense in FMLA actions against public officials.

Link to the brief next.

www.law360.com/employment/a...

15.11.2025 20:52 πŸ‘ 3 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0
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The Month in Federal Appellate Jurisdiction: October 2025 - Final Decisions PLLC A new split on anti-SLAPP appeals, plus a panel's ability to expand a certificate of appealability, reviewing the remedy in qualified-immunity appeals, and more.

This roundup features a new split on appealing denials of anti-SLAPP motions under California law. The en banc 9th Cir. overruled its caselaw allowing these appeals, but only a few days later the Fed. Cir. held that these denials are appealable.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/the-month-in...

07.11.2025 14:21 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
Screenshot of a judicial opinion. The relevant text reads:

We do not hold here that denials of anti-SLAPP motions to strike arising under any state's law are immediately appealable as a matter of right before this Court. Our holding today applies only, at this point, to California's anti-SLAPP statute. If we are presented with a case arising under another state's law, in determining whether we have appellate jurisdiction for a given case raising an issue regarding an anti-SLAPP motion to strike, we must evaluate the relevant state's anti-SLAPP statute at issue on appeal and evaluate how that tool has been exercised in practice to understand whether that given instance comports with the collateral-order exception to the final decision rule under Federal Circuit law.

Screenshot of a judicial opinion. The relevant text reads: We do not hold here that denials of anti-SLAPP motions to strike arising under any state's law are immediately appealable as a matter of right before this Court. Our holding today applies only, at this point, to California's anti-SLAPP statute. If we are presented with a case arising under another state's law, in determining whether we have appellate jurisdiction for a given case raising an issue regarding an anti-SLAPP motion to strike, we must evaluate the relevant state's anti-SLAPP statute at issue on appeal and evaluate how that tool has been exercised in practice to understand whether that given instance comports with the collateral-order exception to the final decision rule under Federal Circuit law.

One week after the 9th Cir. overrules its caselaw permitting immediate appeals of anti-SLAPP denials under California law, the Fed. Cir. held that those denials are immediately appealable. No mention of the 9th Cir.'s en banc decision.

#AppellateSky

www.cafc.uscourts.gov/opinions-ord...

16.10.2025 13:01 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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The Month in Federal Appellate Jurisdiction: September 2025 - Final Decisions PLLC Minute orders as separate documents, contract formation issues in arbitration appeals, pendent appellate jurisdiction over standing, and more.

My September 2025 appellate-jurisdiction roundup features minute orders as separate documents, contract formation issues in arbitration appeals, pendent appellate jurisdiction over standing, and more.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/the-month-in...

07.10.2025 16:53 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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The Timeliness of a Rule 54(b) Partial Judgment - Final Decisions PLLC The Seventh Circuit held that there was no jurisdictional time limit on seeking a Rule 54(b) partial judgment. And it questioned earlier decisions imposing a 30-day deadline (albeit a non-jurisdiction...

Somewhat relatedly, there was also a recent decision from the Seventh Circuit on the deadline for seeking a partial judgment under Rule 54(b).

finaldecisions.org/the-timeline...

09.09.2025 13:43 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Another Court Says No Restarting the Β§ 1292(b) Clock - Final Decisions PLLC The D.C. Circuit joined the Seventh Circuit in holding that β€œrecertifying” an order for interlocutory appeal does not restart Β§ 1292(b)’s ten-day deadline.

A few years ago, it looked like courts were starting to re-examine whether district courts can "re-certify" orders after a party misses the deadline for seeking permission to appeal.

finaldecisions.org/another-cour...

09.09.2025 13:43 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0
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The Month in Federal Appellate Jurisdiction: August 2025 - Final Decisions PLLC The appeal clock for collateral-order appeals, appeals involving preliminary injunctions, remand appeals, and more.

My August appellate-jurisdiction roundup features a new circuit split on the deadline for appealing qualified-immunity denials. There were also interesting decisions on injunction appeals and remand appeals, plus some more qualified-immunity issues.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/the-month-in...

09.09.2025 11:56 πŸ‘ 11 πŸ” 2 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0

Interesting decision yesterday from the 11th Cir underscoring circuit precedent that could (and in this case did) catch the unwary. District ct granted a motion to dismiss but w/ leave to amend and with an order that the clerk should enter a separate dismissal order if the plaintiff didn't amend. 1/

21.08.2025 18:40 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 2 πŸ“Œ 0
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New Article on Final Decisions & Final Judgments - Final Decisions PLLC Final decisions and final judgments play distinct roles in the law of federal appellate jurisdiction. Courts should recognize as much.

See: finaldecisions.org/new-article-...

22.08.2025 18:29 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

I saw this decision, too, and I think it's seriously mistakenβ€”and not in the way the panel seemed to think. This looks like a case of conflating the existence of a "final decisions" (which give appellate courts jurisdiction) with the entry of a "final judgment" (which starts the appeal clock).

22.08.2025 18:29 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0
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The Month in Federal Appellate Jurisdiction: July 2025 - Final Decisions PLLC Appeals via the collateral-order doctrine, Rule 41 dismissals of plaintiffs, failures to object to magistrate judge decisions, and more.

Catching up on July's appellate-jurisdiction developments, with decisions on the collateral-order doctrine, dismissals of plaintiffs via Rule 41, failures to object to magistrate judges' orders, and more.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/the-month-in...

08.08.2025 18:58 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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The Month in Federal Appellate Jurisdiction: June 2025 - Final Decisions PLLC Relating forward notices of appeal, automatic stays for remand appeals, deficient final judgments, preservation, and more.

New appellate-jurisdiction roundup featuring decisions on relating forward notices of appeal, automatic stays for remand appeals, deficient final judgments, preservation, and much more.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/the-month-in...

07.07.2025 17:55 πŸ‘ 5 πŸ” 2 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Jurisdiction, Preservation & the Failure to Object to a Magistrate Judge’s Order - Final Decisions PLLC The Fourth Circuit held that failure to object to a magistrate judge's order was a preservation issue, not a jurisdictional one.

The Fourth Circuit held that failure to object to a magistrate judge's order was a preservation issue, not a jurisdictional one.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/jurisdiction...

07.07.2025 17:31 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 3 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Immunities & the Rest of the Collateral-Order Doctrine - Final Decisions PLLC The Fourth Circuit suggested that a defense’s providing an immunity from litigation is enough for the collateral-order doctrine. But what about the doctrine’s other requirements, particularly separate...

My quick read suggests that this makes the common mistake (at 15–16) of thinking that a defense's being an immunity is sufficient for the collateral-order doctrine. But a defense still needs to be separate from the merits, which many (most? all?) defenses aren't.

finaldecisions.org/immunities-t...

04.07.2025 12:21 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Questioning the Collateral-Order Doctrine & Pendent Appellate Jurisdiction - Final Decisions PLLC A Fifth Circuit decision expressed some doubts about the collateral-order doctrine and pendent appellate jurisdiction.

I wrote a bit about this a few weeks ago, when Judge Oldham mentioned it in a footnote that the other panel members didn't join.

finaldecisions.org/questioning-...

04.07.2025 12:21 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0
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Contempt Appeals with Specific-but- Unspecified Contempt Sanctions - Final Decisions PLLC The Tenth Circuit held that a $1,000/day fine for civil contempt was a sufficiently specific sanction for the decision to be final.

The Tenth Circuit had jurisdiction to review a civil-contempt order that imposed a $1,000/day fine. Although the ultimate sanction was not yet determined, it was sufficiently specific.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/contempt-app...

19.06.2025 16:29 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Dealing with Deficient Final Judgments - Final Decisions PLLC The Seventh Circuit explained both the problems of and the potential solutions to final judgments that fail to mention all claims.

The Seventh Circuit explained both the problems of and the potential solutions to final judgments that fail to mention all claims.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/dealing-with...

18.06.2025 19:22 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Parrish & Relating Forward Notices of Appeal - Final Decisions PLLC The Supreme Court held that a notice of appeal filed before the appeal period is reopened relates forward to the date of reopening.

Short post on the Supreme Court's decision in Parrish, which held that a premature notice of appeal relates forward to the district court's reopening of the appeal period.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/parrish-rela...

18.06.2025 18:49 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

I say this with no irony. I love dorky procedural issues. I often write briefs like I am slogging through molasses, but let me loose on an appellate-jurisdiction question and my fingers fly.

14.06.2025 05:54 πŸ‘ 29 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0
Screenshot of the first page of the Supreme Court's opinion in Parrish v. United States.

Screenshot of the first page of the Supreme Court's opinion in Parrish v. United States.

Invoking the longstanding federal practice of cumulative finalityβ€”which often gives effect to premature notices of appealβ€”the Supreme Court held in Parrish that a premature notice of appeal related forward to the reopening of the appeal period.

#AppellateSky

www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24p...

12.06.2025 15:51 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Ninth Circuit: No Automatic Stays for Remand Appeals - Final Decisions PLLC The Ninth Circuit held that an appeal from a remand order does not automatically stay the remand.

The Ninth Circuit held that an appeal from a remand order does not automatically stay the remand.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/ninth-circui...

08.06.2025 18:04 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Waiving (or Forfeiting) an Unconditional Guilty Plea - Final Decisions PLLC The Fifth Circuit held that the government's failure to invoke an unconditional guilty plea waived the defendant's waiver of a suppression issue.

The Fifth Circuit held that the government's failure to invoke an unconditional guilty plea waived the defendant's waiver of a suppression issue.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/waiving-or-f...

08.06.2025 17:53 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 1
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Narrowing v. Denying Permanent Injunctive Relief - Final Decisions PLLC The Seventh Circuit held that it lacked jurisdiction to immediately review an order that narrowed the potential injunctive relief in an action.

The Seventh Circuit held that it lacked jurisdiction to immediately review an order that narrowedβ€”but not deniedβ€”the potential injunctive relief in an action.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/narrowing-v-...

07.06.2025 19:12 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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The Month in Federal Appellate Jurisdiction: May 2025 - Final Decisions PLLC Effective injunction denials, appealing waiver-based remands, questioning the collateral-order doctrine and pendent appellate jurisdiction, and more.

New appellate-jurisdiction roundup, featuring effective injunction denials, appealing waiver-based remands, questioning the collateral-order doctrine and pendent appellate jurisdiction, and more.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/the-month-in...

04.06.2025 14:59 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Questioning the Collateral-Order Doctrine & Pendent Appellate Jurisdiction - Final Decisions PLLC A Fifth Circuit decision expressed some doubts about the collateral-order doctrine and pendent appellate jurisdiction.

A Fifth Circuit decision expressed some doubts about the collateral-order doctrine and pendent appellate jurisdiction.

#AppellateSky

finaldecisions.org/questioning-...

04.06.2025 12:45 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0