JAMA Surgery

JAMA Surgery infographic details a study on prehabilitation for older patients with frailty and gastric cancer. Key findings include a lower proportion of postoperative complications in the prehabilitation group (17.15%) compared to standard care (28.65%).

In older patients with frailty and #GastricCancer, ≥2 weeks of supervised, home-based multimodal #Prehabilitation reduced postoperative complications and enhanced functional capacity vs ERAS alone.

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JAMA Surgery graphic analyzing Medicaid expansion's effect on pancreatic cancer outcomes. Expansion linked to decreased mortality risk, reduced 2-year mortality(6-13%), and increased surgical resection odds by 19%. Mortality risk reduced at all times.

Medicaid expansion was associated with reduced mortality and increased surgical resection rates for patients with #PancreaticCancer, with improvements most evident several years after expansion and for those with stage II-III disease.

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Two line graphs compare prescription and surgery rates for MBS-eligible patients from 2017 to 2025. Graph A shows rising prescriptions of Overall, Semaglutide, and Tirzepatide. Graph B charts the Index MBS procedure rate, including any MBS procedure, Sleeve gastrectomy, RYGB, other procedure and 4-Quarter mean.

Use of #GLP1 receptor agonists surged among patients eligible for metabolic and #BariatricSurgery from 2018 to 2025, while surgery utilization decreased by nearly half, especially for sleeve gastrectomy.

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JAMA Surgery presents an RCT on Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy vs Upfront Surgery in Patients With Locally Advanced Colon Cancer. Population: 137 Men, 111 Women, median age 66.4. Intervention: 248 patients randomized; outcomes and survival rates shown in graph.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not improve disease-free survival vs upfront surgery in patients with locally advanced #ColonCancer, but reduced need for adjuvant chemotherapy and showed safety and feasibility.

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Kaplan-Meier curve showing survival probability vs time for breast cancer patients, diagnosed 2010-2020. Four treatment groups are compared: BR, BR+MT, MT, and NLT. The number at risk is displayed for each group. Log-rank P<.001.

Among patients with single-site de novo metastatic #BreastCancer, breast primary resection with or without locally ablative therapy was associated with improved overall survival, while ablative therapy at the metastatic site alone was not.

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JAMA Surgery infographic analyzing Medicaid expansion's effects on pancreatic cancer resection. Decreased mortality risk shown with clock icon. Increased surgical odds with upward arrow, scalpel icon. Reduced mortality conveyed via chart turning into skull icon.

Medicaid expansion was associated with reduced mortality and increased surgical resection rates for patients with #PancreaticCancer, with improvements most evident several years after expansion and for those with stage II-III disease.

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JAMA Surgery presents Melina R. Kibbe, MD, as the New Editorial Board Member for January 2026. The image features a smiling man in a white doctor's coat and tie, against a blurred window background. 'EDITORIAL' displayed above.

Effective January 12, 2026, JAMA Surgery is excited to announce the appointment of David A. Gerber, MD, to the Editorial Board.

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JAMA Surgery report on Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy vs Upfront Surgery. Population: 137 men, 111 women, median age 66.4. Intervention: 248 patients randomized. Findings: DFS similar; upfront surgery 87%, chemotherapy 83%. Settings: 9 hospitals in Scandinavia.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not improve disease-free survival vs upfront surgery in patients with locally advanced #ColonCancer, but reduced need for adjuvant chemotherapy and showed safety and feasibility.

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Figure 3 shows firearm mortality rates in Chicago from 2010-2024. Rates generally increase until May 2018, when a trauma center opened, indicated by a vertical line. Post-2018, rates appear to stabilize around 20%. "JAMA Surgery" is at the top.

Opening a level 1 trauma center in a Chicago trauma desert reduced travel time and distance to care and was associated with a significant decrease in firearm mortality in the affected area.

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Infographic titled JAMA Surgery: RCT: Long-Term Outcomes After Laparoscopic vs Open Adhesiolysis for Small Bowel Obstruction. Population: 35 males, 65 females, mean age 69.5. Intervention: 104 patients randomized. Findings are displayed in a graph.

Laparoscopic adhesiolysis for #SmallBowelObstruction was not superior to open surgery for long-term recurrence, incisional hernia incidence, or quality of life at 5-year follow-up, confirming both as viable options.

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JAMA Surgery presents a "Research Letter | AI in Surgery" titled "Therapeutic Benefit Ratings for FDA Breakthrough-Designated Devices" by Kushal T. Kadakia et al. Published online February 25, 2026. DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6859.

30% of FDA-authorized breakthrough therapeutic devices had international health technology assessment ratings, most with equivocal or restricted-use recommendations, suggesting US coverage may expand beyond other countries. ja.ma/4tTSfxI

Podcast cover: 'Author Interviews' over a dark red square with an orange circle logo containing "JN". Text below states, "FEBRUARY 25 • 15 MIN Contemporary Outcomes of Cholecystectomy JAMA Surgery Author Interviews" with a purple "Play" button.

In under 15 minutes, JAMA Surgery explores a decade of data on #cholecystectomy outcomes, finding that while patient complexity and comorbidities are rising, surgical safety and success rates are actually improving.

🔗 Listen now: ja.ma/4u2Bi4m

The JAMA Surgery article presents a time-series analysis of firearm mortality and trauma care access in Chicago. A graph shows 'Mortality' from 2010-2024. The mean mortality rate (%) has a slightly positive trend until May 2018, and the trend is almost flat after.

Opening a level 1 trauma center in a Chicago trauma desert reduced travel time and distance to care and was associated with a significant decrease in firearm mortality in the affected area.

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Two bar graphs titled 'ERCP' and 'Bile duct injury' show risk-adjusted rates from 2011-2021. ERCP rates rise from 11.2% to 15.2%. Bile duct injury rates decline from 0.185% to 0.125% over the same period.

#Cholecystectomy complication rates among Medicare beneficiaries decreased from 2011 to 2021 despite greater patient complexity, with declines in hemorrhage and bile duct injury and increased use of postoperative drainage.

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JAMA Surgery presents a research letter: "Group-Based Peer Feedback in Surgical Coaching" by Lauren A. Szczygiel, PhD@1, Mary E. Byrnes, PhD, MUP@1, Pasithorn A. Suwanabol, MD, MS@1. Published online December 10, 2025.

In a group coaching model, alternating coach and coachee roles among surgeons promoted vulnerability and collective improvement in #Surgery. ja.ma/45H8a8k

JAMA Surgery. Mortality rate (%) vs Time (Jan 2010-Jan 2024). Figure 3. Interrupted Time-Series Analysis of Travel Distance (A), Travel Time (B), and Mortality (C) in the University of Chicago Service Area on May 1, 2018, With the Establishment of a Level 1 Trauma Center.

Opening a level 1 trauma center in a Chicago trauma desert reduced travel time and distance to care and was associated with a significant decrease in firearm mortality in the affected area.

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JAMA Surgery | Review: Surgeon Compensation Models A Systematic Review by J. Walker Rosenthal, et al. Importance: Surgeon compensation impacts productivity. Findings: 39 studies met criteria. Conclusion: US models remain heterogeneous. Supplemental content & CME at jamacmelookup.com

Surgeon compensation models in the US remain heterogeneous; productivity-based systems dominate, but emerging hybrid and value-based models seek to align compensation with quality and nonclinical contributions.

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A JAMA Surgery article titled "Perioperative Use of Tranexamic Acid in General Surgery A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" by Lucas Monteiro Delgado@1, Bernardo Fontel Pompeu, MD@2,3, Gabriel Henrique Acedo Martins@1, published December 17, 2025.

Systematic review and meta-analysis: Prophylactic TXA use was associated with lower intraoperative blood loss, transfusion requirements, and major bleeding without an observed increase in thromboembolic or mortality risk. ja.ma/4bAfF4x

Figure 1 shows cumulative mortality incidence in Open Splenectomy (OS), Splenic Angioembolization (SAE), & Observation (OBS) groups. Graphs depict total mortality, SBP<90 mm Hg, SBP>=90 mm Hg and failure cases against follow-up days. P<.001 for all graphs.

Among patients with severe blunt splenic injury and multiple trauma, nonoperative management with angioembolization or observation reduced mortality, complications, and hospital stay compared with splenectomy. ja.ma/4cL4Hd1

JAMA Surgery cover. Viewpoint: "The Cost of Prolonged Surgical Training-Time Is Money." By Arianna Konstantopoulos@1,2; Christian de Virgilio@1,2; Christopher P. Childers@3,4. Published Online: December 10, 2025. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.5363.

💬 Viewpoint: Delayed start to surgical practice by 1 or more years was associated with significant reductions in lifetime earnings, retirement funds, and home equity.

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Graph titled 'Mortality' showing mean mortality rate from 2010-2024. Points trend upward before a vertical line at 2018, then level off. Article: 'Firearm Mortality and Equitable Access to Trauma Care in Chicago'.

Opening a level 1 trauma center in a Chicago trauma desert reduced travel time and distance to care and was associated with a significant decrease in firearm mortality in the affected area.

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Receiver-Operating Curve (ROC) for Diagnostic Performance Analysis shows Sensitivity vs 1 - Specificity. Curves for NGS (TP53/SMAD4/CTNNB1/MTOR) at 0.9783, Additional worrisome features at 0.6196, high-risk stigmata: 0.6957, and worrisome feature/high-risk stigmata: 0.6304.

Cyst fluid next-generation sequencing provides high sensitivity and specificity for detecting advanced neoplasia in mixed-type IPMNs, supporting its use in risk stratification. ja.ma/4r1fvIr

Graphs show freedom from progression to chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) among patients undergoing index revascularization for claudication. Data is split into male & female groups with event-free probability charted against days for Hispanic, Non-Hispanic Black & White groups.

Among Medicare-linked patients undergoing revascularization for #Claudication, progression to #CLTI within 180 days occurred in nearly 6% of cases, with Black women facing the highest risk. ja.ma/45NEcPV

Infographic titled JAMA Surgery: RCT: Long-Term Outcomes After Laparoscopic vs Open Adhesiolysis for Small Bowel Obstruction. Population: 35 males, 65 females, mean age 69.5. Intervention: 104 patients randomized. Findings are displayed in a graph.

Laparoscopic adhesiolysis for #SmallBowelObstruction was not superior to open surgery for long-term recurrence, incisional hernia incidence, or quality of life at 5-year follow-up, confirming both as viable options.

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Infographic titled JAMA Surgery: RCT: Long-Term Outcomes After Laparoscopic vs Open Adhesiolysis for Small Bowel Obstruction. Population: 35 males, 65 females, mean age 69.5. Intervention: 104 patients randomized. Findings are displayed in a graph.

Laparoscopic adhesiolysis for #SmallBowelObstruction was not superior to open surgery for long-term recurrence, incisional hernia incidence, or quality of life at 5-year follow-up, confirming both as viable options.

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Graph showing predicted ABSITE score by sense of belonging at different resident stress levels. The belonging score is on the x-axis from 15 to 55. ABSITE score is on the y-axis from 440 to 540. Minimal, moderate, high stress are shown.

In a national survey of >6,100 general surgery residents, sense of belonging was positively associated with performance on the American Board of Surgery In-Service Training Examination (#ABSITE). ja.ma/4qTww77

Four graphs titled 'text@1 Mortality,' 'text@2 Mortality,' 'text@3 Mortality,' and 'In-hospital mortality' show 'Partial effect on mortality' vs 'Mean adult trauma, patients per y.' Trends vary across graphs with solid and dashed lines indicating mortality impact.

Emergency Medical Services #Trauma clinicians with greater annual patient volume demonstrated lower early mortality rates and improved advanced airway procedure outcomes among severely injured patients.

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JAMA Surgery's 'Original Investigation' titled 'Implications of Changing Institutions for Promotion in Academic Surgery' by Isabelle M. C. Tan@1, Haley Harris@1, Yuqing Qiu@2, et al. Published December 10, 2025. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.5490.

Promotion rates in #AcademicSurgery were higher among assistant and associate professors who changed institutions compared with those who remained at the same institution.

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Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) Status for Occult Nodal Metastasis in Patients With Clinical Stage II Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC). SMC PPV and YUSH PPV graphs, SMC ROC curve and YUSH ROC curve.

Preoperative circulating tumor DNA (#ctDNA) detection in early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was associated with nodal metastasis and poorer survival, supporting its use for risk stratification.

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JAMA Surgery viewpoint: Morbidity, Mortality, and the Moral Development of a Surgeon by Hannah M. Phelps, MD@1; Peter Angelos, MD, PhD@2,3; Sean C. Wightman, MD@4; Published Online: December 10, 2025. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.5360

Viewpoint: #MandM conferences benefit surgeon moral development by fostering personal responsibility, reflection, and a mindset for improvement in #Surgery.

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