Goig et al. 2025, Fig. 3 | The TB burden caused by each humanadapted MTBC lineage. The absolute number of tuberculosis (TB) cases caused by each Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) lineage was estimated based on the TB incidence reported by the World Health Organization for the year 2022 (ref. 56) and the proportion of each lineage estimated by ref. 55 (Supplementary Methods). a, The estimated absolute number of TB cases across 85 countries stratified by MTBC lineage. b, The estimated absolute number of TB cases in ten high TB burden countries, stratified by MTBC lineage. The colour coding of each MTBC lineage corresponds to those used in Fig. 1.
Source: Galo A. Goig, Etthel M. Windels, Chloé Loiseau, Christoph Stritt, Loza Biru, Sonia Borrell, Daniela Brites, and Sebastien Gagneux. “Ecology, Global Diversity and Evolutionary Mechanisms in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex,” Nature Reviews: Microbiology, published: 25 March 2025 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-025-01159-w.
Here's an example of a study that *does* take the evolutionary/historical distinctiveness of different pathogen lineages seriously in terms of implications for #GlobalHealth concerns. This chart from Goig et al 2025 shows diff. burdens posed by TB. These have historical roots! #TB #PathogenGenomics