The Austrian Legion and Austrian Schutzstaffel soldiers with support from Nazi Germany attempted to depose Dollfuss's Austrofascist regime in favor of a pro-Nazi government under Anton Rintelen of the Christian Social Party. The Nazis attacked the Federal Chancellery and assassinated Dollfuss, but the majority of the Austrian population and the Austrian Army remained loyal to the government. The July Putsch ultimately failed when Adolf Hitler withdrew his support for the coup after Fascist Italy guaranteed to diplomatically support Austria against a German invasion. The Austrian government eventually suppressed the coup, with over 200 people being killed in six days of fighting. A number of Austrian Nazis and collaborators were charged with treason and executed or imprisoned. Kurt Schuschnigg succeeded Dollfuss as Chancellor of Austria and the Fatherland Front remained in power under the Federal State of Austria until the Anschluss in 1938. After the coup failed, Rintelen tried to kill himself via a gunshot to the chest. He was seriously injured, but survived. While Rintelen was in the hospital, an Austrian Jew, Josef Kraus, donated blood to save his life. "The Vienna papers carrying the story commented drily that 'if Dr. Rintelen had become Chancellor he would also have taken Jewish blood, but in a totally different fashion.’" Rintelen was sentenced to life imprisonment. He was released from prison in February 1938, a month before the Anschluss, but took no further part in politics. He died in 1946. Photo: Police car at Ballhausplatz outside the Chancellery building in Vienna, 25 July 1934.
March 14, 1935: Anton Rintelen was sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in the July Putsch (a failed coup d'état in Austria by "Austrian" Nazis).
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![Cate Polk, a nurse at the Jewish hospital in Rotterdam, recalls the events prior to deportation and the journey to the death camp: We arrived in Sobibor after 5 days … We came through some kind of forest, it looked creepy. We did not know what was going to happen. Disembarking at the station wasn’t too bad for us youngsters but the elderly who weren’t fast enough were thrown from the train…. Those who could not walk were immediately taken in lorries. We, the nurses, were the first to be chosen. Then other women were chosen to do laundry and ironing. Mothers with children were told to stay with the children.
Man were also selected, boys between 22-42 years of age. Also male nurses and doctors who had been placed in the first compartment of the train with some Germans. They were not allowed contact with the others. The Germans asked us if we had any diamonds.
The train in which we sat now was the same one as before. A part had been disconnected in Sobibor. Some 4 cars returned to Lublin. We had to ‘schlepp’ [carry] our luggage and it made us laugh afterwards. Even in Westerbork some of it had already disappeared. We had to leave the rest in Sobibor. We considered it funny. We had no idea that they wanted to murder us. Thus we arrived in Lublin. All the girls stayed together. We never saw the men again. They were mainly from Rotterdam."
Photo: A view of the new "Kasino" or officers' dining room in Sobibor, completed in the summer 1943. It was larger than the previous dining room and, thanks to the L-shape, offered a sheltered terrace. The Germans called the building "Zum lustigen Floh" (The Merry Flea). The furniture on the terrace was made by Jewish prisoners. The dishes and cutlery used there came from the belongings of the camp victims.](https://cdn.bsky.app/img/feed_thumbnail/plain/did:plc:7s22kjzi3volj3spk2q3c6pa/bafkreiaejmtizrudf2dfu7zaeuw6snuwgftl77x6l6njbqlyvf6fu4llxi)
![Glücks was "the RSHA (Reich Security Main Office) man responsible for the entire network of concentration camps" and his authority extended to the largest and most infamous of them all, Auschwitz. Nearly all the important matters concerning the concentration camps were "decided directly between the Inspector of Concentration Camps and the Reichsführer-SS (Heinrich Himmler)." In January 1945, Glücks was decorated for his contributions to the Reich in managing the fifteen largest camps and the five-hundred satellite camps which employed upwards of 40,000 members of the SS.[28] Glücks' role in the Holocaust "cannot be over-emphasized" as he, together with Pohl, oversaw the entire Nazi camp system and the persecution network it represented.
It is believed that after Germany capitulated, Glücks committed suicide by swallowing a potassium cyanide capsule at the Mürwik naval base in Flensburg-Mürwik, although the lack of official records or photos gave rise to speculation about his ultimate fate.
Photo: Richard Glücks holding briefcase centre, visit to Gross Rosen Concentration Camp.](https://cdn.bsky.app/img/feed_thumbnail/plain/did:plc:7s22kjzi3volj3spk2q3c6pa/bafkreigdy4z5n6n755hnuxjeqwltslwriqdc4a5gon2575xsk3ihy7xala)
