“The Negro in a tight place is a genius”: Black language teachers and the (re)making of [B]lack jobs
Tasha Austin
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0677-5061
Abstract
This chapter discusses the need for Black language scholars particularly in the role of educational linguists. It details the author’s introduction to the field and describes the vantage point of those multiply marginalized as uniquely valuable to educational linguistics. The author then introduces the raciolinguistic genealogical methodology (Flores, 2021) followed by its application in a brief study on the naturalized discourse of the Black language/teacher shortage. In taking a genealogical perspective on the discourse of Black teacher shortages, the study outlines the material distribution of both land and monies through the first and second Morrill Acts becoming the model for stratified U.S. (higher) education. Finally, the chapter concludes with an invitation for more Black/Indigenous language scholars to engage in educational linguistics to unsettle recurring discourses around “Black jobs,” who is deserving of liberal arts, (and thus, language-rich) educational opportunities, and other pressing issues in education research.
Denaturalizing the ‘Black teacher shortage’
In the tradition of Black scholars who wielded their knowledge of language and linguistics as critical resistance against anti-Black societal forces, this raciolinguistic genealogy denaturalizes discourses around the Black language/teacher shortage. It does so through drawing on literature that outlines the present-day absence of Black language/teachers (Anya & Randolph, 2019; NCES, 2025b) and connects it to programmatic misalignment that has both historically and contemporarily pushed Black advanced language learners out of their studies (Schoener III & McKenzie, 2016; Johnson, 2019; Austin, 2022). By tracing the preparation of Black teachers as funded by local and federal governmental apparatuses in the U.S., the data rather reflect a systematic denial to Black and Indigenous learners of what is considered a liberal arts education while converting their very bodies (and Indigenous land) into capital for the state.
This chapter presents a raciolinguistic genealogy of Black language/teacher education demonstrating my assertion that educational linguistics is apt for those whose experiences most acutely reflect the shortcomings of society– particularly through the apparatus of schooling as an institution. Folks at the intersections of Black, queer, poor, women and disabled groups (among others) should be overrepresented among educational linguists not only because of their being framed as “problems” within dominant society (Du Bois, 2015), but because of our position on the margins which imbues us with perspectives often invisible to the majoritized group/s (Crenshaw, 1994; Collins, 2006). Of note, teacher education replicates some of the same challenges as linguistics– it is disproportionately valuable to peripheralized groups for the potential leverage it offers in shaping the ideologies of future generations, yet remains statistically least accessible to them (Austin & Anya, 2024; Austin, 2023; Charity-Hudley, 2023; Allen et al., 2017; Milner, 2010; Sleeter, 2001). To better understand the under-realized value of Black teachers (of language, specifically) and the apparatuses that stifle their entry to the ranks, I will take a raciolinguistic genealogical approach to denaturalizing how who is suited for leisure has been racialized as white while those suited for labor has been racialized as Black in U.S. higher education. I will first highlight the intersections between the two disciplines, teacher education and linguistics, then unpack my application of the critical educational linguistics methodology that befits the analysis –raciolinguistic genealogy (Flores, 2021), and finally present the findings of my analysis of language teacher education and its relationship to “[b]lack jobs” in the modern U.S. formation.
The Black language/teacher shortage when narrated within the larger discourse of US higher education, does not reflect shortage, but rather, refusal.
So proud of this handbook chapter & sharing as I think the value of it cannot afford to be delayed. Reach out for more info!
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