i Infection associated chronic illnesses (IACIsl Ongoing illnesses which develop following an acute infection are known as infection associated chronic illnesses (IACIs). There are three types of IACIs: New organ injury: An acute infection causes damage in the body which leads to chronic illness. Examples include the development of multiple sclerosis following primary Epstein-Barr virus infection, and duodenal ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori. Accelerated incidence of disease processes: An acute infection leads to acceleration of disease processes that had not yet become apparent before the time of infection. Examples include accelerated build-up of substances known as 'plaque' in artery walls, and the progressive loss of neurons in the brain after a COVID-19 infection. 0 Post-acute infection syndromes: Ongoing symptoms which develop following an infection - these include ME/CFS, Lyme disease, and long COVID. a- Komaroff. A. PNAS. (2025) lug RESEARCH UK INFORM. INFLUENCE. INVEST. SCO36942
From ME Research UK:
NIHR recently announced a funding opportunity for research into post-acute infection syndromes (PAIS), including long COVID and ME/CFS, but what are PAIS? A commentary by Prof Anthony Komaroff explains.
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