Graphical abstract: In this study, we aimed to estimate the number of nuisance bears based on damage and occurrence reports collected from 2009 to 2023 in the Oshima Peninsula, Hokkaido. For the estimation, we assessed the harmfulness level (from Condition 0 to 3) of the bears based on the details of the reports and developed a method to remove double or more overcounts of a bear derived from multiple reports on the same single bear. Estimating the number of nuisance individuals involved in conflict by setting a specific criterion provides a more valuable evaluation indicator for adaptive management than simply using the number of occurrences alone.
<SPECIAL FEATURE> #BrownBear Population Management
Estimation of the Number of Nuisance Bears in the Oshima Peninsula, Hokkaido
Hifumi Tsuruga, Mami Kondo, Tsutomu Mano
doi.org/10.1002/1438...
condition by harmfulness/ conflict indicator/ damage and occurrence reports
#OpenAccess