John August Tells You What All Stories Need
We're big fans of John August over here (and just had him on our podcast). But that doesn't mean we're done learning from him!
If you're unfamiliar, the writer behind _Big Fish_ , _Charlie and the Chocolate Factory_ , and _Aladdin_ co-hosts the _Scriptnotes_ podcast with Craig Mazin, and they've just released a book of the same name.
I recently listened to August discuss the book on _The Second City_ Podcast, and there was a ton of information in this discussion that can be useful for screenwriters. Have you ever struggled with giving feedback? Or receiving feedback? What about developing character motivation or getting started with a blank page? Let August give you some motivation.
Check out the podcast below.
- YouTube www.youtube.com
## "You Can Only Write Towards a Thing."
Giving notes to another writer is an honor, but it can also be stressful. Sometimes you just don't vibe with a work, but telling someone that is not going to be helpful.
August says that negative notes are essentially useless because you can't execute them. If someone tells you a scene or character doesn't work, that's not actionable. You need a clear direction, not just broad criticism.
When I was doing professional agency script coverage, it would have never been useful for me to write, "I didn't like this script." I would always clarify what didn't work, and give suggestions for what would fix the element I didn't think was working.
You'll need to get comfortable with story basics in order to pinpoint these problems. It might be a structural issue or a problem with character motivation. Maybe you just feel a "bump" on something—keep noodling on what the underlying cause of that bump is.
"This is boring," isn't a good note. It's boring to you, but maybe the underlying issue is pacing. Point to that instead.
You also need to understand that sometimes a work isn't for you. "Opinions are not facts," August writes in the book. The whole thing is subjective, so as a note-giver, you don't want to lead with opinion.
When you react to someone's work, you can be honest about your emotional response. Then separate that from your theory about what caused it. The writer needs both pieces of information, but they need to know which is which. Understanding the note behind the note is a big thing.
Notes should point toward a vision of what could work, not at what doesn't. When you're giving notes to someone else or trying to interpret feedback you've received, push for specificity about the destination. What should this scene accomplish? What emotional beat are we aiming for? That's something you can actually write toward.
"Describe a future vision of this movie, this scene, whatever, that is successful, and so that you can get there together," August says.
If you're in the middle of a notes process, you don't want to be fighting over criticism. Specificity and helpfulness will make these sessions productive.
Learn more about how to give effective feedback.
_Big Fish_ Credit: Sony Pictures Releasing
## "You Have to Just Become Comfortable with Being Uncomfortable."
Here, August references Ashley Nicole Black's advice about the temptation to use AI or other shortcuts to avoid the hard part of writing. (She's written for _Shrinking_ , _Ted Lasso_ , and more.)
But the hard part is the point.
First drafts feel terrible because you're creating something from nothing. When you're writing, and something isn't working, it can feel like you're wandering in the wilderness.
There's no hack for the discomfort. Experienced writers don't suffer less—they've just learned to recognize the feeling as part of the process. Just read any of our interviews with some of today's best working writers. They hate the second act and exposition as much as the rest of us.
If you're waiting to feel confident before you start, you'll never start. Push through the discomfort. Get something on the page.
## "Many Screenwriting Books Will Tell You to Focus on What the Characters Want. This is Wrong."
August has been writing about this point since 2007.
This challenges a common screenwriting principle about character development. August says that obsessing over what a character "wants" versus what they "need" creates a false framework that doesn't actually help you write better scenes.
What actually matters is understanding what your character is trying to accomplish in each specific moment and why they think it will get them closer to their goals. To a writer, this advice is more useful than some abstract want/need dichotomy.
In 2007, August also pointed out that what a character naturally wants would not always work in a story. I, for instance, like to stay up late watching YouTube instead of fighting crime. So I wouldn't be good in a cop thriller.
Instead, August wrote, when you approach a scene, you need to ask, “What needs to happen in this scene?” Or, “What do I need to show the audience?”
He wrote, "Yes, the character should be responsible for his or her actions and decisions inside the movie, but you, the writer, are responsible for deciding which moments the audience gets to see."
You're almost like an editor instead of a writer, in that case. You're picking moments from their life that serve your story and getting pieces in place for your plot.
As you establish what your character wants, make sure to convey this to the audience early.
In the podcast, August says, "You need to find some way in those opening few minutes to give us a sense of what vision does this character have for their life? What might they be trying to do to get there? What will success look like for this character? And that's a lot of the struggle."
## "Stakes for a Character Are, 'What Are They Worried About Losing?'"
Stakes don't have to be apocalyptic. August's first produced script, _Go_ , isn't about the end of the world. But every character has clear stakes in every moment because he understands what each person stands to lose or gain.
Stakes are personal and immediate. They're about relationships, identity, safety, and connection.
In comedies, especially, establishing what matters to your characters makes everything funnier because we understand the cost of failure.
This connects to why _Die Hard_ works as both an action film and a character study. John McClane is trying to stop terrorists, and there are technically lives at stake, and he is trying to save his wife, but those aren't his only stakes. He's trying to prove something to his wife and to himself about showing up. Those relationship stakes make every action beat matter more.
Creating compelling characters means understanding what they stand to lose.