Illustration of TFAP4-mediated reactivation of TERT in non-HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Alcohol exposure increases CTCF expression, which promotes transcription of TFAP4. TFAP4 binds the TERT promoter (at approximately −111 nt), enhancing TERT gene transcription. Elevated TERT expression increases telomerase activity, stabilizes telomeres, and supports hepatocellular carcinoma progression and metastasis. The pathway is depicted within the nucleus of an HCC cell, leading to tumor growth in non-viral-associated liver cancer.
📎 Commentary Spotlight
Eversole & Chakraborty discuss how TFAP4 “unleashes” TERT activity in non-viral liver cancers and highlight therapeutic implications of targeting the TFAP4–TERT interaction.
🔗 doi.org/10.47248/chp...
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